~ Kami Bumiputra ~

Tallang Tumbuk ( Ikan Masin Tumbuk )

Diperbuat daripada Ikan Tallang yang terpilih dan berkualiti. Dikeringkan dan diperap dengan bahan-bahan yang bermutu.

Ikan Masin yang rangup ditumbuk dengan ramuan-ramuan yang terpilih. Pasti sangat menyelerakan.

Rangup, Pedass, Nyaman.. MURAH DAN MAMPU MILIK!!!

Sedap hingga menjilat jari..
Sekali cuba pasti nak lagi.

HANYA RM2.00 SAHAJA !!

ArtoCarpus Delight

Sejenis snek yang di inovasikan daripada makanan tradisional di Sabah.

Berasaskan gula melaka dan biji terap yang di rebus kemudian di goreng rangup.

Baik untuk kesihatan dan menambah tenaga untuk melakukan aktivit harian anda dengan lebih ceria dan cergas.

DAPATKAN SEGERA DENGAN HANYA RM2.50 SAHAJA!!

*stok terhad

Oxallis Glacee

Santapan yang sangat unik dan sangat sedap..
Berasaskan buah belimbing dan aiskrim "HOMEMADE"


Sudah pasti akan menceriakan hari anda..
Amat sesuai waktu cuaca yang panas membahang.

Sejukkan diri anda dengan Oxallis Glacee!!

Sangat RARE !!

CUMA RM2.50 SAHAJA!!!

Dapatkan segera sebelum terlambat..

Banana Cheezy Chocolate

Anda penggemar pisang cheese chocolate?
pasti anda akan lebih ketagih dengan Versi baru Pisang cheese Chocolate ini !!

Pisang cheese chocolate yang dibalut dengan kerangupan kulit popiah dan dicelup dalam sos coklat yang cair didalam mulut.. FUHH!!

KRIUK.. KRIUK.. OH NIKMATNYA SUNGGUH TAK TERKATA !!

Rangup, Segar, Sungguh menyelerakan

Jom dapatkan segera !!

Sangat Murah dan berbaloi!!

RM1.00 SAHAJA!!!!

Basic C++

When we consider a C++ program, it can be defined as a collection of objects that communicate via invoking each other's methods. Let us now briefly look into what do class, object, methods and instant variables mean.

• Object - Objects have states and behaviors. Example: A dog has states - color, name, breed as well as behaviors - wagging, barking, eating. An object is an instance of a class.
• Class - A class can be defined as a template/blueprint that describes the behaviors/states that object of its type support.
• Methods - A method is basically a behavior. A class can contain many methods. It is in methods where the logics are written, data is manipulated and all the actions are executed.
• Instant Variables - Each object has its unique set of instant variables. An object's state is created by the values assigned to these instant variables.

C++ Program Structure:

Let us look at a simple code that would print the words Hello World.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// main() is where program execution begins.

int main()
{
   cout << "Hello World"; // prints Hello World
   return 0;
}

Let us look various parts of the above program:

• The C++ language defines several headers, which contain information that is either necessary or useful to your program. For this program, the header <iostream> is needed.
• The line using namespace std; tells the compiler to use the std namespace. Namespaces are a relatively recent addition to C++.
• The next line // main() is where program execution begins. is a single-line comment available in C++. Single-line comments begin with // and stop at the end of the line.
• The line int main() is the main function where program execution begins.
• The next line cout << "This is my first C++ program."; causes the message "This is my first C++ program" to be displayed on the screen.
• The next line return 0; terminates main( )function and causes it to return the value 0 to the calling process.

Compile & Execute C++ Program:

Let's look at how to save the file, compile and run the program. Please follow the steps given below:

• Open a text editor and add the code as above.
• Save the file as: hello.cpp
• Open a command prompt and go to the directory where you saved the file.
• Type 'g++ hello.cpp ' and press enter to compile your code. If there are no errors in your code the command prompt will take you to the next line and would generate a.out executable file.
• Now, type ' a.out' to run your program.
• You will be able to see ' Hello World ' printed on the window.

$ g++ hello.cpp
$ ./a.out
Hello World

Make sure that g++ is in your path and that you are running it in the directory containing file hello.cpp.
You can compile C/C++ programs using makefile. For more details, you can check Makefile Tutorial.

Semicolons & Blocks in C++:

In C++, the semicolon is a statement terminator. That is, each individual statement must be ended with a semicolon. It indicates the end of one logical entity.
For example, following are three different statements:

x = y;
y = y+1;
add(x, y);

A block is a set of logically connected statements that are surrounded by opening and closing braces. For example:

{
   cout << "Hello World"; // prints Hello World
   return 0;
}

C++ does not recognize the end of the line as a terminator. For this reason, it does not matter where on a line you put a statement. For example:

x = y;
y = y+1;
add(x, y);

is the same as

x = y; y = y+1; add(x, y);

C++ Identifiers:

A C++ identifier is a name used to identify a variable, function, class, module, or any other user-defined item. An identifier starts with a letter A to Z or a to z or an underscore (_) followed by zero or more letters, underscores, and digits (0 to 9).
C++ does not allow punctuation characters such as @, $, and % within identifiers. C++ is a case-sensitive programming language. Thus, Manpower and manpower are two different identifiers in C++.
Here are some examples of acceptable identifiers:

mohd       zara    abc   move_name  a_123
myname50   _temp   j     a23b9      retVal

C++ Keywords:

The following list shows the reserved words in C++. These reserved words may not be used as constant or variable or any other identifier names.

asm	else	new	this
auto	enum	operator	throw
bool	explicit	private	true
break	export	protected	try
case	extern	public	typedef
catch	false	register	typeid
char	float	reinterpret_cast	typename
class	for	return	union
const	friend	short	unsigned
const_cast	goto	signed	using
continue	if	sizeof	virtual
default	inline	static	void
delete	int	static_cast	volatile
do	long	struct	wchar_t
double	mutable	switch	while
dynamic_cast	namespace	template

Trigraphs:

A few characters have an alternative representation, called a trigraph sequence. A trigraph is a three-character sequence that represents a single character and the sequence always starts with two question marks.
Trigraphs are expanded anywhere they appear, including within string literals and character literals, in comments, and in preprocessor directives.
Following are most frequently used trigraph sequences:

Trigraph	Replacement
??=	#
??/	\
??'	^
??(	[
??)	]
??!	|
??<	{
??>	}
??-	~

All the compilers do not support trigraphs and they are not advised to be used because of their confusing nature.

Whitespace in C++:

A line containing only whitespace, possibly with a comment, is known as a blank line, and C++ compiler totally ignores it.
Whitespace is the term used in C++ to describe blanks, tabs, newline characters and comments. Whitespace separates one part of a statement from another and enables the compiler to identify where one element in a statement, such as int, ends and the next element begins. Therefore, in the statement,

int age;

there must be at least one whitespace character (usually a space) between int and age for the compiler to be able to distinguish them. On the other hand, in the statement

fruit = apples + oranges;   // Get the total fruit

no whitespace characters are necessary between fruit and =, or between = and apples, although you are free to include some if you wish for readability purpose.

Menara Kayangan Lahad Datu, Sabah

Tower of Heaven at the Mouth of Borneo

Looking at the increasing luxurious condominium built on the hill of our city, you will have no doubt that people are willing to pay a lot for scenic view from the top. For Lahad Datu town of Sabah, the best view point will be on Mount Silam, which is only 10 Kilometers away and one of the highest place in this district. From its top, you can have a bird’s eye view of Lahad Datu town and its surrounding mountains, forest and the beautiful Darvel Bay.

Pic: Mt. Silam is not far away from Lahad Datu.
Luckily, Mt. Silam is not developed into a condo area for the rich. Instead, it is part of the Class-1 Sapagaya Forest Reserve fully protected by Sabah Forestry Department (SFD). Not only that, SFD also builds an observation tower on Mt. Silam, name it as “Tower of Heaven” (Menara Kayangan in Malay language) and open it to public in year 2012.

Tower of Heaven (Menara Kayangan) is 33-Meter tall (about 108 feet) and located at 620 Meters above sea level on Mount Silam. The tower is a very solid building supported by steel and cement structure, and able to hold up to 30 visitors. As this is a forested high ground, the air here is cooling and refreshing. You will feel so comfortable that you want to stay longer for the nice air and view.

Pic: the entrance to the top of tower, but no hurry…

For those who don’t want to climb 8 floors of staircase to the top, they can check out the viewing platform in front of the tower.

Oh dear, I can sit here whole day for the spectacular view of Darvel Bay and its islands.

Pic: Darvel Bay and the islands
If you wonder why I call Darvel Bay the “Mouth of Borneo”, you may look at the map below:

View My Sabah Map in a larger map

Now going to the tower for the best view up there… It takes less than 10 minutes to reach the top. Sorry, there is no elevator / lift.

Along the stairway are some posters with information and photographs about Mt. Silam. Just take your time and walk up slowly.

Here you go. The heavenly view from Tower of Heaven.


Overlooking the islands. These are big islands but they look so small from the tower.

Pic: the telecommuncation towers next to Tower of Heaven. You can see Lahad Datu town far behind them.
For a virtual walking tour of the tower, you may watch the 3-min video below:


Sometimes Mt. Silam would be enveloped by dense mist, then you can’t see anything from top. This can happen anytime.

If you want to appreciate the nature of Mt. Silam, there is a forest trail behind the tower that leads you to its peak (height: 844 Meters). You may read my next post on climbing Mt. Silam.

Lucky visitors would see the lovely, small and orange-red Silam Crab (Species: Geosesarma aurantium) in the wood near the tower. It is endemic to Sabah and only found on Mt. Silam!

Silam Crab is a land crab that can be found up to the peak of Mt. Silam (884 Meters). Usually you could see them come up foraging among leaf litter after rain.

Pic: you also can see Mt. Silam from the sea of Darvel Bay. The tower is clearly visible during good weather.

Pic: Darvel Bay is rich in seafood and an important fishing zone of Sabah.

Pic: a fishing structure (called Bagang locally) near an island in Darvel Bay.

How to get there

There is no public transport to Tower of Heaven but you can go there by taxi. The entrance is next to the Lahad Datu-Tawau highway about 10 KM from Lahad Datu town. For tourists who visit Danum Valley, they will pass by this junction, so it is a convenient stop for a short tour (and toilet break).

Pic: the entrance (see location map) and ticket counter of Tower of Heaven. Note the sign on arch says “Menara Kayangan”, instead of “Tower of Heaven”.
The ticket costs RM2 (≈USD0.60) for adult, RM1 for child (≈USD0.30). They open from 8am to 5pm daily.

Pic: the sign reads “Beware of animal crossing”. I saw some pig-tailed macaques wandering here in the morning.
After the entrance, you need to drive another 10 KM uphill to the tower on a sealed road.

Pic: parking lot near the tower. At the right is a restaurant under construction.

Pic: there is a male and female toilet at the base of the tower. Clean but quite small (note the door almost touches the basin).

FYI, if you would like to spend a night on Mt. Silam, there are a hostel (accommodate 4 guests) and a resthouse (accommodate up to 10 guests) near the tower. You may contact Sabah Forestry Department (Tel: +60 89 242500) for more info or booking.
Besides the tower, there are many other things to explore on Mt. Silam, you may download the pamphlet below (published by SFD) for further reading:

Campus life : can't manage without my phone ~ jogging while blogging

OMost of our assignments needs information mainly from the internet. And thats what I meant by can't manage without my phone. Instead of doing group discussions at the library or other relevant places, we do our discussion mainly in whatsapp groups, telegram, wechat, facebook and many other social apps. Sending documents using telegram is one of the example. Another example is this blog. I'm doing it on my phone while jogging around campus.. on my phone I installed microsoft office, microsoft excel, microsoft powerpoint, adobe reader, C++ basic programming, scanner and many more applications to help me finish my assignments anywhere and anytime at all. You see I provide transport service to fellow students of UPMKB with my husband so most of our time is occupied with assignment and passangers until midnight so I barely have time to do my assignments. And that is where my phone saves me. whenever we have spare time. Even if its only for five minutes we would do our assignments anywhere on our smart phones. Its much more convinient. So i advise for other students that have a hard time managing time between assignments, class and anything else, do what I did. Trust me, it will make your life as a student easier. Plus you dont have to carry heavy laptops all the time

#enjoythemoments

The Blue Morpho Butterfly

The Blue Morpho Butterfly (Morpho menelaus) is an iridescent blue butterfly that lives in rainforests of South and Central America, including Brazil, Costa Rica, and Venezuela.

Anatomy: The Blue Morpho Butterfly is a species of neotropical butterfly that has brilliant blue wings (the females are are not as brilliantly colored as the males and have a brown edge with white spots surrounding the iridescent blue area). The undersides (visible when the butterfly is resting) are brown with bronze-colored eyespots. The Blue Morpho has a wingspan of about 6 inches (15 cm). Adults drink the juices of rotting fruit using their straw-like proboscis.

The caterpillar of the Blue Morpho is red-brown with bright patches of lime-green on the back, and it eats the plant Erythroxylum pilchrumnocturnally (at night).

Classification: Order Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), Family Nymphalidae (brush-footed butterflies), Genus Morpho, Species menelaus.

Danum Valley Conservation Area, Lahad Datu, Sabah

Being remote from human habitation and almost alien to modern civilization makes the Danum Valley Conservation Area is a naturalists’ paradise. Recognized as one of the world’s most complex ecosystem, this forest serves as a natural home for endangered wildlife species such as banteng, Asian elephant, clouded leopard, orang utan, proboscis monkey, as well as a vast range of Sabah’s lowland fauna.

Here, visitors also get the chance to visit an ancient Kadazandusun burial site, complete with belian coffins and ceramic spirit jars. Three burial sites have been discovered in Danum Valley—two near the field centre and one below the cliff, overlooking Borneo Rainforest Lodge.

Please pre-arrange with the travel agent regarding your booking.

Getting There

Lahad Datu has direct daily flights from Kota Kinabalu and Kuala Lumpur. Another way of transportation would be air-conditioned coaches from Kota Kinabalu which will take about 7 hours drive to reach Lahad Datu. 

A motivational note

Ujian mengajar kita untuk bersabar. Oleh itu kuatlah wahai hati, jangan menyerah
. Ambil peluang yang di beri dan berbuatlah yang terbaik. Gagal sekali bukan gagal selamanya. Jalan yang harus kita tempuh masih jauh, berusahalah mencapai kejayaan tersebut. Jangan patah hati, jangan pudar semangat diri. Ingatlah insan- insan yang dicintai. Hargai hidup ini...